Loneliness, the gap between desired and actual social connection, is being experienced by one in six Australians aged 65 and older. And this perceived deficit of meaningful relationships only worsens with age.
The social challenge of loneliness is a major health concern for older Australians, and it compounds with age-associated hearing loss, according to a study led by Associate Professor Dona Jayakody from the University of Western Australia.
“Hearing loss has been shown to significantly increase the odds of experiencing moderate and intense emotional loneliness,” says Jayakody.
“Our findings suggest that untreated hearing loss particularly undermines intimate, partner, or ‘inner circle’ relationships, where subtle verbal and emotional cues are crucial.”
In older adults aged 70 and above, approximately 70% have hearing loss. Unsurprisingly, the likelihood of experiencing moderate and intense emotional loneliness increases with age-related hearing loss.
The same study also found that an interaction between older age and poorer hearing was associated with reduced social interaction, suggesting that ageing and hearing loss together may impact social networks.
Social effects related to hearing loss
“Communication is foundational to social life. Hearing loss impairs meaningful communication, leading to misunderstandings and withdrawal from conversations,” Jayakody explains.
“It also strains relationships, as communication partners often have to repeat themselves, speak loudly, and speak slowly and articulately.”
Jayakody says as a result, people tend to limit their contact with those with a hearing loss, which can make them feel lonely and isolated.
Loneliness stemming from solo living
Study participants who lived alone had 55% higher odds of moving into a more severe emotional loneliness category compared with those living with others.
Hearing loss and a link to depression, anxiety and stress
The same authors have reported an association between hearing loss and depression, anxiety, and stress. These findings highlight a bidirectional relationship in which hearing loss, loneliness, and psychological distress can reinforce one another over time.
Clinical and public health implications: integrated approach to hearing care needed
Dr Jayakody is calling for an integrated approach to hearing care which incorporates the use of suitable hearing devices together with psychosocial assessment and support.
“Hearing loss not only impairs effective communication; it is a psychosocial risk factor. I would like to see healthcare professional consider loneliness, peoples’ living situation and mood as part of integrated treatment regimes.
“Addressing hearing loss in older Australians with suitable hearing devices, such as hearing aids, hearing implants, and hearables is the first step.
“Communication strategies, education, and support for families, caregivers and friends can also help hearing-impaired individuals communicate effectively.
“By integrating hearing care with psychosocial assessment and support, services may help reduce the burden of loneliness and improve overall wellbeing in older adults with hearing loss.”